Editing: a worksheet

1. What does editing do? Editing creates different affects and timings within a film.

2. How does it work? Editing is when a film editor has lots of material that will include different shots from different scenes and will have to select the best ones and combined them to make each scene.

3. Describe each of the following editing terms:

·                Cut-This is where one shot is suddenly replaced by a different shot.

·                Dissolve-The dissolve shot shows one shot fade out while another shot fades in.

·                Fade-Normally fades to a black screen or a different scene.

·                Jump cut-Where two shots of the same object are taken but are slightly different in variation.  

4. How does the shot reverse shot help the narrative or generate meaning? The shot reverse shot is useful because it shows which character is saying what and how the relationship is between the characters. This type of shot shows the action and reaction of each character.

5. Why is the 180 degree rule important? This rule suggests that shooting has to be taken place on the same side each time of both of the characters. If this rule is broken it gives the impression that the characters position in the scene has been reversed. 

6. How and why is the point of view shot used? A camera shot where the viewer is looking through the eyes of a specific character.

7. How else can the pov be generated? Sometimes the point of view shot can be taken over the actors shoulder by a third person.
              

8. What is parallel or cross cut editing? Parallel editing (cross cutting) is the technique of alternating two or more scenes that often happen simultaneously but in different locations.

9. What editing techniques are used to generate suspense? Cross cutting.

10. Explain in your own words how the mouse sequence creates tension. 

11. Why is timing important in editing? Timing is important in editing because when you are putting the materials you have in an order, you don’t want a scene or affect on the screen for any longer than it needs to be.

12. Explain in your own words what the continuity system is? The continuity system is an editing system which is used to ‘match’ different shots in order to maintain continuous and clear action within a film. It is used to make sure that editing is made to be ‘invisible’.

13. Why does editing strive to be invisible? Editors want to make their editing stages seem invisible because other editing techniques like the jump cut may cause confusion to the viewer about the scenes. Editing also strives to be invisible so the viewer doesn’t notice that there is a change in the editing which will make the film flow from scene to scene.

History Of Horror.

Created with Padlet

Warner Brothers, commonly known as the Warner Bros, is an American producer of film, television and music entertainment. 

Is one of the major film studios, located in Burbank, California.

The founders of the Warner Bros are Albert, Harry, Sam and Jack Warner.
In 1904, the Warners founded the Pittsburgh-based Duquesne Amusement & Supply Company, to distribute films. In 1912, Harry Warner hired an auditor named Paul Ashley Chase. By the time of World War I they had begun producing films, and in 1918 the brothers opened the Warner Bros. studio on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Sam and Jack Warner produced the pictures, while Harry and Albert Warner, along with their auditor and now controller Chase, handled finance and distribution in New York City.

After World War II the Warner Bros studio prospered greatly after the war. By 1946, company payroll reached $600,000 a week and net profit $19.4 million.
The Warner Bros made new stars such as Lauren Bacall and Doris Day, James Cagney, Joan Blondell, Dorothy Mackaill, Dolores del Río, Bebe Daniels, Frank Fay, Winnie Lightner, Bernice Claire, Alexander Gray, Alice White, and Jack Mulhall. 

Institution Research

 

The 20^th Century Fox was formed by a merger between Twentieth Century Pictures, founded in 1933 by Darryl F. Zanuck and Joseph M. Schenck and Film Fox Corporation, founded in 1915 by William Fox.  

It is one of the six major American film studios and is the world’s second largest major film studio after the Warner Bros. 20^th Century Fox is located in Century City area in Los Angeles, California.

20th Century Fox Television is the studio's television production division. During the 1950's features were released to television in the hope that they would broaden sponsorship, help distribution of network programs and increase their popularity.

20^th Century Fox later went into music between 1933 and 1937. Then into radio between 1936 and 1942.

When 20^th Century Fox became more financially stable, the control was passed on to two new owners/investors in 1978. The new owners were Marc Rich and Marvin Davis. In 1985 Marc Rich was a fugitive from U.S justice, he then had to sell his share of the company to his partner Marvin Davies for 116 million dollars.
Davis then sold this part of the share to Rupert Murdoch for 250 million dollars in 1984. Davis later backed out of a deal with Murdoch to purchase John Kluge's Metromedia television stations. Murdoch went alone to buy the stations, and then later brought out Davies remaining stake of the 20^th Century Fox for 325 million dollars.

      

Film Openings

Pretty Woman

Genre; Romance

Conventions; Garry Marshall film. Setting of the scene is shown, theme song. 

Style of opening; Introduction to the plot and some of the main characters. 

Information in the credits; Film title, producers, actors and production companies like Touchstone Pictures and Silver Screen Partners IV.

Narrative of the film; Scene is set at a upper class house party, narrative spoken between the man that seems to be the main character and a group of men that could be his friends. 

Final Destination 3

Genre; Horror

Conventions; Fair ground at night time, screaming that brings a sense of fear at a fair ground and different rides. Gives an idea of something bad might happen at the fair ground. Clown faces and red devils. 

Style of opening; Title sequence

Information in credits; Production companies, producers, actors, title and editors.

Narrative of film; Sounds of people of the fair ground rides e.g screaming, very little talk between the group of friends.

Reservoir Dogs

Genre; Crime/Drama

Conventions; Theme song, use of adult language between the group of friends to show the age and content within the film.

Style of opening; Introduction to some of the main characters.

Information in credits; Production companies, producers and actors with images.

Narrative of film; Eight men are planning a diamond heist. The stealing goes wrong and the police are informed and coming to arrest them. The result of the police knowing is that the group of men argue and some of the men getting killed. The police arrested the men who were still alive and retrieved the diamonds. 

Pulp-fiction

Genre; Crime, Drama and Thriller

Conventions; Dialogue with shot/reverse shot. 

Style of opening; Definition of pulp-fiction.

Information in credits; Producers and actors.

Narrative of film; Simple location in a cafe. Immediately discuss the plot, indication to what might happen next.

The number 23

Genre; Horror

Conventions; Music builds using string instruments. Title shot down onto first setting.

Style of opening; Title sequence.

Information in credits; Producers.

Narrative of film; A man called Walter Sparrow reads a book called 'The Number 23'. Walter relates himself to the man in the book. There is no chapter 23 within the book. Later in the book Walter finds a address and goes to it, he soon finds out the 23rd chapter written on the wall. Turns out Walter was the person who wrote the book and was a killer and hands himself into the police.  

Evil Dead

Genre; Horror

Conventions; Bold red title on black background, trees in the font of the title. Choir music. Change in music half way through, tempo increases.

Style of opening; Title sequence.

Information in credits; Producers, directors, designers and actors. 

Narrative of film; A group of friends arrive at an old cabin to try and stop their friends heroin addiction, but what they don't know is that the cabin is possessed. A girl gets possessed resulting in many deaths of her friends.  

The Conjuring

Genre; Horror

Conventions; Newspaper articles with images of family members. Effect is black and white. Bold font, opposite to background colour.

Style of opening; Action and title sequence.

Information in credits; Directors, written by, producers, designers and music by.

Narrative of film; The Warren family are getting told about a doll called Annabelle that is haunted. There are paranormal activities that happen when the Perron family move into a house, resulting in family members dying, due to different families living on a women's land who killed herself due to sacrificing her son to the devil.

Se7en

Genre; Horror

Conventions; Film title is the first thing on screen. Newspapers, books and images of people. Bass music, spark sound made by string instruments. Font is white and bold.

Style of opening; Action and title sequence.

Information in credits; Directors, actors, designers and music by.

Narrative of film; Two detectives looking into the mind of an unknown serial killer. 

Evaluation of Preliminary Film

The things that I have learnt from the preliminary task is the different camera angles that we used, for example the shot/reverse shot and how to use them effectively. We also had to take more than one shot so we could use different views so see which one looked better, for example when Jo was opening the door we filmed a point of view shot and then we filmed a shot that was from the side of her. I also learnt that costume is important when filming because when we filmed on different days the actors were in different clothing, so it didn't give the same effect.
The preliminary task has helped me with my own project by making sure I use different camera angles and shots to make sure I get the best view, also leaving enough time for editing because the process can take a while. Making sure that I have the correct props and that actors are in the correct clothing.